evmone

This release is focused on Cancun and EOF.

Added

• Cancun Network Upgrade fully supported
  • EIP-1153: Transient storage opcodes
    • transient storage & TLOAD and TSTORE instructions #669
    • clearing of transient storage between transactions #715
  • EIP-4788: Beacon block root in the EVM
    • don't assume the transaction sender exists #731
    • system call to the Beacon Roots contract #709
  • EIP-4844: Shard Blob Transactions
    • BLOBHASH instruction #668
    • blob transactions #713
    • stub of the point_evaluation precompile #730
  • EIP-5656: MCOPY - Memory copying instruction #629 #648
  • EIP-6780: SELFDESTRUCT only in same transaction #735
  • EIP-7516: BLOBBASEFEE opcode #708
• EVM Modular Arithmetic Extensions (EVMMAX)
  • Added basic EVMMAX support in form of C++ API. #673
  • Implementation of secp256k1 ECDSA recovery (ecrecovery precompile) using EVMMAX #688
  • Implementation of ecadd and ecmul BN254 precompiles using EVMMAX #716
• Initial support for Blockchain Tests
  • block execution #681 #679 #685 #701
  • test format support & results encoding #680 #690 #694 #711 #736
  • PoW difficulty calculation #682 #718
• Optionally use Silkworm as the precompiles implementation. #660
• Support for executing JSON EOF Tests (thanks @gzanitti) #678
• EVM tracing option --trace in evmone-t8n #616
• Support for compiling for riscv32 architecture #700
• Ability to export evmone's unit tests to the JSON State Test format #743

Changed

• EVM Object Format (EOF):
  EOF implementation follows the EOF spec (aka Mega EOF Endgame) and is tentatively enabled in the Prague EVM revision.
  • Tests have been migrated to ipsilon/tests/eof #651
  • Implementation of four new instructions for accessing data sections: DATALOAD, DATALOADN, DATASIZE, DATACOPY #586 #663 #717 #741
  • Forbid DELEGATECALL from EOF to legacy contracts during execution #588
  • The data section kind has been changed to 0x04 #632
  • The RJUMPV immediate argument meaning has been changed to "max index" #640
  • Implementation of the JUMPF instruction and the non-returning functions #644
• Opcodes of new instructions have been assigned following the execution-spec opcodes list #665
• State changes are now reverted with the journal #689
• Compatibility of evmone-statetest with goevmlab has been improved #658 #757
• Minimal tested/supported compilers versions: #675
  • GCC 11
  • Clang 13
  • XCode 14.3.1 (bumped from 13.4)
  • Visual Studio 2022
  • CMake 3.16...3.27
• EVMC has been upgraded to version 11.0.1. #754 #738 #707 #669
• intx has been upgraded to version 0.10.1. #674
• Ethereum Execution Tests has been upgraded to version 13 and Execution Spec Tests version 1.0.6 has been added. #737

Fixed

• EOF: Fix CALLF runtime stack overflow check #677
• EOF: Fix missing CALLF stack overflow validation #619
• Fixed processing of withdrawals with 0 amount (testing infrastructure) #630
• Fixed handling of short nodes in Merkle Patricia Trie (testing infrastructure) #686

The highlights of this release are support for Shanghai execution specification upgrade and implementation of EOF "v1.0". There are also big enhancements to the EVM testing tools and infrastructure. In particular, we added the t8n command-line utility.

As it is tradition, the EVM performance has been improved as well. Comparing with the previous release using the "main" benchmark suite, the Baseline interpreter is now:

• 10–45% (mean 25%) faster for GCC builds,
• 0–19% (mean 11%) faster for Clang builds.

Added

• Shanghai support:
  • EIP-3651: Warm COINBASE (testing infrastructure only). #560
  • EIP-3860: Limit and meter initcode. #545
  • EIP-4895: Beacon chain push withdrawals as operations (testing infrastructure only). #614
• EVM Object Format "EOF v1.0":
  • The implementation of the revisions of EIP-3540, EIP-3670, EIP-4200, EIP-4750 and EIP-5450 originally proposed for Shanghai. #563 #572 #594 #508
  • EOF is currently enabled in the Cancun revision but likely to be moved to Prague in the future. #561
  • Added evmone-eofparse and evmone-eofparsefuzz tools for testing EOF validation. #568
• Implemented EIP-663: Unlimited SWAP and DUP instructions (enabled in EOF). #529
• Added implementation of evmc::Host, state transition and block finalization for testing purposes. #484 #519 #575 #608 #609
• Added t8n tool evmone-t8n — a command line utility for transaction execution and state transition testing. It allows executing and generating tests with cooperation of retesteth or execution-spec-tests. #552 #555 #558 #569 #583 #590 #591 #604 #606 #607 #612
• Added partial support for EVM Precompiles — gas cost computation and execution via JSON stub file. #524
• Declarative state transition unit test suite. #589
• CMake option EVMONE_X86_64_ARCH_LEVEL to set the x86-64 microarchitecture level. On Linux and Windows this is set to x86-64-v2 by default. #548

Changed

• C++20 is now required to build evmone. #502
• Minimal tested/supported compilers versions: #535
  • GCC 11
  • Clang 13
  • XCode 13.4
  • Visual Studio 2022
  • CMake 3.16
• EVMC has been upgraded to version 10.1.0. #623
• intx has been upgraded to version 0.10.0. #622
• ethash has been upgraded to version 1.0.0. #540
• Ethereum Execution Tests has been upgraded to version 12.2. #625
• Baseline interpreter optimizations:
  • Better stack overflow/underflow checks. #518
  • SWAP instructions optimization for Clang. #527
  • Pass gas counter to memory grow/check helpers by value. #598
  • Pass gas counter to instructions by value. #600
• Changes to EVM tracing:
  • Instruction trace prints "gas" and "gasUsed" as hex numbers to match geth. #592
  • C++ tracing API has separated the gas parameter. #599
• Improvements to the JSON State Test execution tool evmone-statetest:
  • Ability to load tests from multiple dirs/files. #512
  • Validate deployed EOF code before state test execution. #593 #601
  • Added --trace command-line flag to enable EVM execution tracing. #543
  • Other improvements. #556 #603
• Benchmarks (invocable by evmone-bench) have been migrated to external evm-benchmarks which use JSON State Test format. #513 #530
• Removed dependency on evmc::instructions. #533 #534 #537

Fixed

• Fixed calling Tracer.notify_execution_start. #531
• Fixed instruction tracing of EOF code. #536

New Contributors

• JSzymanskiJS #512
• miles170 #513
• rodiazet #531

Fixed

• Resetting gas refund counter when execution state is reused. #504

In this release we have been focused on improving performance of the Baseline interpreter. The end result is that the Baseline is 26% faster than in previous version 0.8.0 and 18% faster than the current Advanced interpreter while having over 8x smaller code analysis cost. The Baseline is now the default interpreter because it is simpler and has become better than the Advanced.

The Advanced also has got 4% faster than in the previous version.

All numbers are from running the "main" benchmark suite on 4.0 GHz Intel Haswell CPU, using the Clang 15 compiler.

Moreover, evmone now calculates gas refund and reports it back using EVMC 10 API.

Finally, the options O=2 and O=0 have been replaced by advanced. See below for details.

Added

• Calculation of EVM gas refunds. #493
• PUSH0 instruction implementation (EIP-3855), enabled in Shanghai. #448 #432
• Experimental EOF validation and execution (EIP-3540), enabled in Shanghai. #334 #366 #471
• In progress State Transition execution tool for testing purposes. So far we've merged:
  • RLP encoding, #463
  • Merkle Patricia Trie root hash computing, #477 #478
  • JSON State Transition Test loader. #479

Changed

• EVMC options O=0 (use Baseline) and O=2 (use Advanced) have been replaced with single option advanced to use the non-default Advanced interpreter. #500
• Baseline has replaced Advanced as the default interpreter. The later can still be selected with the advanced option. Reasons are explained in the introduction. #500
• A lot of changes related to the optimization of the Baseline interpreter, including refactoring and optimization of instructions' implementations.
• The Baseline interpreter now uses "computed goto" dispatch if supported by C++ compiler. The "switch" dispatch can be forced with the cgoto=no option. #495
• Improvements to basic block metadata placement in the Advanced interpreter. #457 #474
• EVMC has been upgraded to version 10.0.0. #499
• intx has been upgrade to version 0.8.0. #446

Removed

• evmone-fuzzer has removed aleth-interpreter as it is not maintained and lacks the latest EVM features. #453

Fixed

• Fixed building of evmone-standalone static library when the llvm-ar tool is being used. #373 #374

Fixed

• baseline: Fix incorrect exit after invalid jump. #370

Added

• Full support for London EVM revision:
  • EVMC upgraded to version 9.0.0. #348
  • Implementation of the [EIP-3198] "BASEFEE opcode". #333
• Instruction tracing (EIP-3155) can be enabled via trace option in Baseline. #325
• Summary of number of executed opcodes is reported if histogram option is enabled in Baseline. #323
• The evmone-bench now reports time of execution without code analysis under "execute" label. The EVMC-like analysis + execution invocation is reported as "total". #343
• The evmone-bench has started utilizing evmc::MockedHost which allows using state-access (e.g. SLOAD/SSTORE) instructions in benchmarks. #319

Changed

• Improvements to semi-public evmone::baseline API. #314
• The intx has been upgraded to version 0.6.0 which increases performance of ADDMOD instruction. #345
• The ethash has been upgraded to version 0.7.0 which provides faster KECCAK256 implementation. #332
• Optimizations in Baseline interpreter. #315 #341 #344
• The Ethereum Consensus Tests upgraded to version 9.0.2. #349

Added

• Full support for Berlin EVMC revision and EIP-2929. #289 #301

Changed

• EVMC has been upgraded to version 8.0.0. This ABI breaking change has been required to support Berlin revision. #309
• Optimizations to basic JUMPDEST analysis used by Baseline interpreter. #306 #308
• The Baseline interpreter API has been modified to allow caching of the JUMPDEST analysis. #305
• The consensus testing is now driven by Silkworm as a replacement of the unmaintained Aleth. The Ethereum Consensus Tests 8.0.4 are currently being used.

Added

• New experimental Baseline interpreter has been added to the project. It provides relatively straight-forward EVM implementation and can be enabled with O=0 option. #261 #280
• A set of EVM synthetic benchmarks stressing individual low-level EVM instructions. #278
• Silkworm-driven integration and Ethereum consensus testing. #290

Changed

• EVMC upgraded to version 7.5.0. #294
• evmone-bench tool under-the-hood improvements. #286 #287 #288
• A lot of instructions implementation refactoring to allow code sharing between Baseline and Advanced interpreters.

Changed

• intx upgraded to version 0.5.0, small performance increase for ADDMOD and MULMOD instructions expected. #239
• EVMC upgraded to version 7.4.0. #243
• C++ exception handling and Run-Time Type Information (RTTI) have been disabled for the evmone library (in GCC and Clang compilers). #244

Fixed

• The release binaries for Windows are now built without AVX instruction set enabled. That was never intended and is consistent with binaries for other operating systems. #230

Fixed

• In previous versions evmone incorrectly assumed that code size cannot exceed 24576 bytes (0x6000) — the limit introduced for the size of newly deployed contracts by EIP-170 in Spurious Dragon. The limit do not apply to contract creating init code (i.e. in context of "create" transaction or CREATE instruction). Therefore, the pre-processing phase in evmone has been reworked to raise the technical limits or eliminated them entirely. From now on, only blocks of instruction with total base gas cost exceeding 4294967295 (2³² - 1) combined with execution gas limit also above this value can cause issues. #217 #218 #219 #221

Changed

• EVMC has been upgraded to version 7.1.0. #212

This release of evmone adds changes for the Istanbul EVM revision.

Added

• Istanbul EVM revision support with new costs for some instructions (EIP-1884). #191
• Implementation of CHAINID instruction from the Istanbul EVM revision (EIP-1344). #190
• Implementation of SELFBALANCE instruction from the Istanbul EVM revision (EIP-1884). #24
• Implementation of new cost model for SSTORE from the Istanbul EVM revision (EIP-2200). #142

Changed

• EVMC has been upgraded to version 7.0.0. #204

This release of evmone is binary compatible with 0.1 and delivers big performance improvements
– both code preprocessing and execution is ~66% faster (needs ~40% less time).

Added

• evm-test – the testing tool for EVMC-compatible EVM implementations. #85
• evmone-fuzzer – the testing tool that fuzzes evmone execution against aleth-interpreter execution. Any other EVMC-compatible EVM implementation can be added easily. #162 #184
• evmone-standalone – single static library that bundles evmone with all its static library dependencies (available on Linux, but support can be extended to other platforms). #95
• The evmone-bench tool has learned how to benchmark external EVMC-compatible EVMs. #111
• The evmone-bench tool sorts test cases by file names and allows organizing them in subfolders. #150
• The docker image ethereum/evmone with evmone and modified geth is available on Docker Hub. #127

Changed

Optimizations

• Instead of checking basic block preconditions (base gas cost, stack requirements) in the dispatch loop, this is now done in the special "BEGINBLOCK" instruction — execution time reduction -2–8%. #74
• New EVM stack implementation has replaced naïve usage of std::vector<intx::uint256> — -8–16%. #79
• Improvements to interpreter's dispatch loop — -4–9%. #107
• Optimization of the JUMPDEST map — up to -34%. #80
• Optimizations to code preprocessing / analysis. #121 #125 #153 #168 #178
• Push instructions with values up to 8 bytes (PUSH1–PUSH8) are now handled much more efficiently — up to -9%. #122
• Pointer to next instruction is now obtained in instruction implementations (instead of the dispatch loop) and is kept in CPU registers only — -3–7%. #133
• The run-time information about basic blocks has been compressed. #139 #144

Other changes

• The DUP, SWAP, LOG and CALL instructions are now implemented by individual functions (template instances) instead of a parametrized function handling each family of instructions. #126 #159
• EVMC upgraded to version 6.3.1. #129 #77 #96
• intx upgraded to version 0.4.0. #131
• The ability to provide custom opcode table for code preprocessing has been dropped. #167

Fixed

• The gas calculation for blocks containing an undefined instruction has been fixed. This bug could not cause consensus issue because a block with an undefined instruction terminates with an exception despite incorrect gas checking. However, execution might have ended with a confusing error code. #93
• Fix for LOG being emitted after out-of-gas exception. #120

Changed

• EVMC upgraded to version 6.3.1 (still ABI-compatible with evmone 0.1.0). #171
• Changes to the evmone-bench tool backported from 0.2. This allows better performance comparison between 0.1 and 0.2 as both versions can run the same set of benchmarks. #172

• First release of the evmone project.
• Support for all current EVM revisions up to Petersburg.
• The intx 0.2.0 library is used for 256-bit precision arithmetic.