Hands-on Minikube Workshop

This workshop is aimed toward folks who are new to Kubernetes and are looking a gentle, hands-on introduction to basic Kubernetes concepts.

Prerequisites

No prior Kubernetes experience is necessary, but you will need a few tools installed on whatever computer you'd like to use:

Minikube, available from this GitHub repository (tested with version 0.28.2, which uses Kubernetes 1.10.0)
A virtualization provider to use with Minikube, like VirtualBox
Version 1.10.0 (or newer) of the kubectl command-line utility (please see this page for instructions).

You'll need Internet access in order to complete this tutorial.

Part 1: Set up a local Kubernetes cluster

Run minikube start to have Minikube download an ISO image and boot a VM (using your installed virtualization provider) where it will run a single-node Kubernetes cluster.

Minikube will automatically create a configuration file that kubectl can use to connect to the Kubernetes cluster.

Part 2: Pods, Deployments, and Services "the Easy Way"

In this part, you'll use kubectl to create Kubernetes pods, deployments, and services without getting into any of the details around these concepts.

Use kubectl run nginx-web --image=nginx --replicas=1 to launch an Nginx pod. This may take a few minutes as it must pull the Nginx container image down from the Internet.
Run kubectl get pod,deployment to see that the previous step created a deployment object as well as a single pod (managed by the deployment).
Run kubectl describe deployment nginx-web to get more details on the deployment created by step 1. Note that this deployment has a label "run=nginx-web".
Run kubectl describe pod <pod-name> to get more details on the pod created by step 1. The name of the pod is available in the output of the command in step 2 (feel free to re-run that command if the output has scrolled out of sight). Note that the pod also has the label "run=nginx-web".
Run kubectl get deployment,rs,pod. Note the similarities in names between the deployment, the replica set, and the final pod (each name is derived from the previous object).
Use kubectl expose deployment nginx-web --name nginx-service --port-=8888 to make this Nginx pod accessible outside the cluster.
Use kubectl get pod,deployment,service to see the objects created by the previous two steps. You should see a single deployment, a single pod, and a single service.
Run kubectl describe service nginx-service to get more details on the pod created by step 2. Note the "Selector" line, which shows that this service is using the "run=nginx-web" label to note the pods that will be part of this service.
Delete the service and the deployment using kubectl delete service nginx-service and kubectl delete deployment nginx-web, respectively. Use kubectl get pods to verify that deleting the deployment also deleted the pod.

Part 3: Pods, Deployments, and Services "the Hard Way"

In this final part, you'll examine more details on pods, deployments, and services, and work with the YAML files that define these objects in Kubernetes.

Examine the 01-pod.yaml file in this tutorial. If you have any questions about any of the values supplied, use kubectl explain pod to get more information.
Create the pod by running kubectl apply -f 01-pod.yaml. Use kubectl get pods to verify that the pod was created.
Use kubectl get pods,deployments,services to verify that only a pod was created.
Delete the pod using kubectl delete pod nginx-pod.
Examine the 02-deployment.yaml file in this tutorial. Remember that you can use kubectl explain deployment to get more details on any of the values in this file.
Create the deployment by running kubectl apply -f 02-deployment.yaml.
Use kubectl get pods,deployments,services to see that a deployment was created, which in turn created a pod. Note there is no service yet.
Use kubectl get deployments,replicasets,pods to see that a replica set was created automatically when you created the deployment.
Use kubectl describe to get more details on each of the objects returned by step 7. Note the relationships between the objects (a deployment manages a replica set, which in turn manages a group of pods), and note the use of labels across the various objects.
Take a look at the 03-service.yaml file in this tutorial. Use kubectl explain service to get more details on anything you don't understand.
Create the service using kubectl apply -f 03-service.yaml. After it has been created (you can verify with kubectl get services), then get more details on the service using kubectl describe service nginx-service.
Remove all the objects with the following commands:
```
kubectl delete service nginx-service
kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment
```
Verify the objects are gone with kubectl get deployment,rs,service,pod.